East Africa is a backpacker’s paradise, offering incredible opportunities to explore diverse landscapes, vibrant cultures, and unforgettable wildlife. Whether you dream of trekking through misty mountains, exploring bustling cities, or relaxing on pristine beaches, East Africa has it all. With budget-friendly options and a rich variety of experiences, backpacking in this region promises a life-changing adventure.
This guide highlights eight of the best backpacking routes through East Africa, including key destinations, must-do activities, and practical tips to help you plan your journey.
1. Kenya: Nairobi to Maasai Mara
Starting in Kenya’s capital, Nairobi, this route takes you to the iconic Maasai Mara National Reserve, famous for its breathtaking landscapes and extraordinary wildlife. Begin by exploring Nairobi’s vibrant urban scene, then head west to experience one of the most spectacular safaris in Africa.
Top activities in Nairobi include visiting the David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust to meet rescued baby elephants, feeding giraffes at the Giraffe Centre, and exploring the Karen Blixen Museum. From Nairobi, make your way to the Maasai Mara to witness the Big Five or, if you’re visiting between July and October, catch the Great Migration.
Backpackers can save money by using matatus (local minibusses) to travel and staying in budget-friendly campsites or lodges near the Maasai Mara.
2. Tanzania: Arusha to Zanzibar
This route combines adventure, culture, and relaxation, making it a must for backpackers visiting Tanzania. Begin in Arusha, the gateway to Mount Kilimanjaro, the Serengeti, and the Ngorongoro Crater. Whether you choose to trek the iconic Kilimanjaro, go on a budget-friendly camping safari, or explore the wildlife-rich Ngorongoro Crater, Arusha is the perfect starting point.
After your adventures in northern Tanzania, make your way to Zanzibar. The ferry from Dar es Salaam to Zanzibar is an affordable option for backpackers. In Zanzibar, visit Stone Town, take a spice tour, and unwind on the stunning beaches of Nungwi or Kendwa.
3. Uganda: Kampala to Bwindi Impenetrable Forest
Uganda is often called the Pearl of Africa, and for good reason. This route starts in the lively capital city, Kampala, and leads you to Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, where you can go gorilla trekking. In Kampala, visit the Uganda Museum, experience the local nightlife, or explore Lake Victoria.
From Kampala, head southwest to Bwindi Impenetrable Forest. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is home to the endangered mountain gorillas. A permit is required for gorilla trekking, but it’s a once-in-a-lifetime experience worth the cost.
Travelers can save money by using public transport to reach Bwindi and staying in budget lodges or campsites near the forest.
4. Rwanda: Kigali to Volcanoes National Park
Rwanda is a backpacker-friendly destination known for its clean cities, beautiful landscapes, and incredible wildlife experiences. Start your journey in Kigali, one of Africa’s most modern and organized capitals. Visit the Kigali Genocide Memorial, sample Rwandan coffee at a local café, and explore the city’s vibrant art scene.
From Kigali, make your way to Volcanoes National Park, where you can trek to see mountain gorillas or golden monkeys. The park is also home to Mount Bisoke, a dormant volcano with stunning crater lakes.
For budget-conscious travelers, shared group treks and affordable guesthouses near the park make this route accessible.
5. Ethiopia: Addis Ababa to Lalibela
Ethiopia offers a unique blend of ancient history, stunning landscapes, and rich culture. Begin in Addis Ababa, the country’s bustling capital. Visit the National Museum of Ethiopia to see Lucy, one of the world’s oldest hominid fossils, and enjoy traditional Ethiopian food and music at cultural restaurants.
From Addis Ababa, travel to Lalibela, famous for its 12th-century rock-hewn churches. These UNESCO World Heritage Sites are a must-see for history and architecture enthusiasts. Along the way, stop in Bahir Dar to visit the Blue Nile Falls or take a boat ride on Lake Tana.
Budget travelers can use Ethiopia’s affordable bus network and stay in budget hotels or hostels in major cities.
6. Zanzibar: Stone Town to Nungwi Beach
Zanzibar is an island paradise that’s perfect for backpackers seeking a mix of culture and relaxation. Begin in Stone Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its narrow streets, historic architecture, and bustling markets. Explore the House of Wonders, the Old Fort, and the Forodhani Night Market.
From Stone Town, head to Nungwi Beach in the north of the island, where you can enjoy white sand beaches, turquoise waters, and lively beach bars. For those seeking a quieter atmosphere, nearby Kendwa Beach is an excellent option.
Affordable hostels and local transport options make Zanzibar a great destination for budget-conscious backpackers.
7. Malawi: Lilongwe to Lake Malawi
Malawi is known as the Warm Heart of Africa, and its friendly people and stunning landscapes make it a fantastic destination for backpackers. Start in the capital, Lilongwe, where you can explore markets, museums, and cultural centers.
From Lilongwe, head to Lake Malawi, one of Africa’s Great Lakes. The lake’s clear waters and sandy beaches are perfect for snorkeling, kayaking, or simply relaxing. Visit Nkhata Bay or Cape Maclear for affordable backpacker lodges and vibrant local communities.
Traveling by bus is a budget-friendly way to get around Malawi, and many lakeside accommodations cater to backpackers.
8. Mozambique: Maputo to Tofo Beach
Mozambique is a hidden gem for backpackers, offering pristine beaches, vibrant culture, and incredible marine life. Begin in Maputo, the country’s capital, where you can visit the Maputo Central Market, enjoy fresh seafood, and explore the city’s colonial architecture.
From Maputo, make your way to Tofo Beach, a laid-back coastal town known for its excellent diving and snorkeling opportunities. Swim with whale sharks, take a sunset dhow cruise, or simply relax on the beach.
Budget accommodations and local transport make Mozambique a backpacker-friendly destination, but it’s important to plan ahead as some areas are remote.
FAQs About Backpacking Through East Africa
1. What is the best time of year to backpack through East Africa?
The best time is during the dry season, which typically runs from June to October. This is ideal for safaris, hiking, and beach activities.
2. Is it safe to backpack in East Africa?
Yes, East Africa is generally safe for backpackers, but it’s important to research each destination, avoid risky areas, and follow local advice.
3. What is the most affordable way to travel between countries?
Using buses or shared transport is the most affordable way to travel. Budget airlines like Fly540 and Precision Air are also good for long distances.
4. Do I need visas for East African countries?
Yes, most East African countries require visas. The East Africa Tourist Visa allows entry to Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda with one visa.
5. Can I do safaris on a budget?
Yes, opt for group safaris or self-drive options to save money. Camping inside or near parks is also a cost-effective option.
6. What should I pack for backpacking in East Africa?
Essentials include lightweight clothing, sturdy hiking boots, sunscreen, a reusable water bottle, and a first-aid kit.
7. How do I stay connected while backpacking in East Africa?
Purchase local SIM cards in each country for affordable data and internet access. Wi-Fi is also available in most hostels and cafes.
8. What are the must-try foods in East Africa?
Try ugali and nyama choma in Kenya, injera in Ethiopia, Rolex (rolled chapati with eggs) in Uganda, and Zanzibar’s spiced seafood.
9. Are there backpacker hostels in East Africa?
Yes, many destinations in East Africa have affordable hostels, guesthouses, and campsites catering to budget travelers.
10. How much does it cost to backpack through East Africa?
Costs vary, but a budget traveler can expect to spend around $30-$50 per day, depending on accommodation and activities.